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May 17 2016

What Makes a Great Dog Walker?

melissa Dogs, Lifestyle, Training dog walker, dog walker job interview, find a dog walker, find the right dog walker, getting a dog walker, how to choose a dog walker

What to Look For in a Dog Walker

By Jason Metzler, Wag Labs Inc.

From being a professional dog walker for years to owning my own dog walking business to co-founding a startup built around dog walking, I know what makes a good dog walker. If you’re thinking about becoming a professional dog walker, check out these tips below.

Experience

Wag looks for dog walkers with experience as a pet professional. Our dog walkers are registered veterinary technicians, shelter volunteers, foster parents, dog groomers, dog trainers and/or have their own dog walking business. An experienced pet professional knows how to make the dog walk fun. With experience, our dog walkers know, among other things: 1) to bring all-natural treats, 2) how to deal with sluggish dogs and 3) how much energy each breed needs.

Accountable

A dog walker has to be accountable as the pet’s health and well-being are in his/her hands on a regular basis. Professional dog walkers always show up at the desired time and place, and are responsible for bringing dogs back safe and sound. Accountable dog walkers use calendars with set reminders to keep track of their schedule. Here is a tip: you can sync your scheduled walks in your calendar with Waze, which will alert you when you need to leave in order to make it to your dog walking appointment on time.

Thorough

A good dog walker must be thorough in carrying out his/her duties. Most owners will leave notes about their dog’s health issues, triggers and preferences. A great dog walker makes sure to read—and remember—a note’s every detail before beginning a walk. The last thing anyone wants is a dog walker who does not follow instructions to the T. If a note states that the dog must be crated after the walk and the walker misses this detail, the owner could come home to a chewed up pair of Jimmy Choos, a ripped up signed Michael Jordan jersey or a damaged Eames chair.

Dependable

A dependable dog walker will go the extra mile to make sure every dog receives a safe and enjoyable walk. He or she will always arrive on time and provide amazing service to the family every time. Dog walkers should have a postal carrier’s mentality; they show up no matter if it’s raining, sleeting, snowing or sunny.

Passionate

A passionate dog walker will never cut a dog walk short unless it’s an emergency. They take photos of their adventures and happily share them with their clients. Passionate dog walkers take pride in what they are doing, and it shows in the dogs they walk. They take the time to know as much about their four-legged clients as possible, including each dog’s birthday as well as favorite treats.

To learn more about what Wag looks for in its dog walkers, check out this page: https://wagwalking.com/dog-walker.

About the author: Jason Meltzer is the Co-Founder and Chief Dog Officer of Wag Labs Inc., which runs the app Wag! and DogWalking.com. Wag Labs recently became a sponsor of ABC’s Pet Sitting & Dog Walking short-term program.

May 4 2016

A Short History of Canine Origins

melissa Lifestyle, Pets canine evolution, dog domestication, dog history, Where the dog came from

When and how dogs became humankind’s best friend.

It's taken some 30,000 years for dogs to reach their current relationship with humans—they're now members of the family. Photo credit: Gaxy89/iStock — It’s taken some 30,000 years for dogs to achieve their current relationship with humans as beloved members of the family. Photo credit: Gaxy89/iStock

The bond between dogs and humans is a bit of a mystery, if you think about it. Why do people love dogs so much, and why do dogs love people? Researchers have studied this deep connection, yet they can’t seem to agree on what it’s all about.

The human-canine bond is not the only mystery surrounding our relationship with dogs. A definitive answer as to how and why dogs become domesticated some 30,000 years ago remains unanswered, although theories abound.

Researchers once thought that dogs became involved with humans around 14,000 years ago, when a prehistoric clan adopted an ancient wolf puppy or two. The pups grew up viewing their human companions as friends. This trend continued until an entire race of human-loving wolves evolved into domestic dogs.

The most recent research suggests that the modern dog evolved from grey wolves that originated in China. Photo credit: Renald Bourque/iStock — The most recent research suggests the modern dog evolved from grey wolves that originated in China.
Photo credit: Renald Bourque/iStock

These days, scientists have a different view of how the dog became man’s best friend. The current theory sees ancient wolves as scavengers that followed hunting parties in order to feed off the leftovers of the kill. These wolves also hung around human camps and dwellings, learning to beg for scraps. This begging behavior led these wolves to develop relationships with the humans they spent time with, and eventually, the domestic dog was born.

Thanks to recent discoveries in DNA research, scientists have been able to come up with more interesting theories about how early dogs co-existed with humans. DNA evidence suggests that dogs first became domesticated in southern East Asia, from grey wolves that originally developed in China. Glaciers probably prevented dogs from leaving part of Asia, but when the glacial period ended around 15,000 years ago, dogs spread toward the Middle East and Africa. By 10,000 years ago, they had populated Europe.

Of course, dogs didn’t move through continents all by themselves. Researchers believe they followed human populations, scavenging along the way. In fact, DNA research suggests that one group of early dogs traveled out of southern East Asia, but then went back, heading toward northern China, following humans. This group of dogs interbred with dogs already living in China, creating the canines that would eventually migrate to the Americas.

In addition to being a family member, today's dogs continue to assist humankind with a variety of tasks, including herding sheep. Photo credit: Bigandt_Photography/iStock — In addition to being a family member, today’s dogs continue to assist humankind with a variety of tasks, such as herding sheep and guarding people or property.
Photo credit: Bigandt_Photography/iStock

When the Europeans came to the New World, they discovered that native populations had dogs living with them, which lends credence to this theory. In fact, the Plains Indians of North America had already found a way to put dogs to work, using them to pull travois loaded with belongings, thus making a nomadic lifestyle easier.

Of all the domestic animals we live with, the dog is our oldest friend. Dogs were there before cats, cows, horses and sheep. While the first canines may have been preoccupied with chowing down on our scraps, within a few thousand years, dogs were doing much more than just eating our leftovers. Dogs became workers, guarding settlements, herding livestock and pulling carts. And when we found other means to get those jobs done, dogs hung around and found a new task, one that we seem to cherish above all others: to be our companions.

^{Sources: The NY Times and Scientific American}

About the Author: Audrey Pavia is an award-winning freelance writer and author of “The Labrador Retriever Handbook.” She is a former staff editor of Dog Fancy, Dog World and The AKC Gazette magazines. To learn more about her work, visit www.audreypavia.com and hollywoodhoofbeats.net/

May 3 2016

To Share or Not to Share Food with Your Dog

melissa Lifestyle, Pets begging, giving people food to dogs, table scraps

When it comes to feeding your dog table scraps, that is the question.

Dog Begging — Whether or not you should give your dog table scraps depends on 1) what you’re eating; and 2) if you don’t mind him occasionally begging for food.
Photo credit: mj0007/iStock

You sit down to eat a wonderful meal, and then you happen to glance down. Your dog looks up at you with a sweet, plaintive expression. Clearly, he wants a taste of your food. However, you hesitate—is it safe to give your dog human food or “table scraps?”

Like most things in life, the answer is “yes”—and “no.” Again, like most things in life, moderation is the key. If you want to share your meal with your dog, do so in small doses and consider the shared bits a treat for your pet—not a substitution for his regular meals.

Just like with humans, though, too many treats can add up to too many calories. Because obesity in dogs can lead to serious health issues, keep track of how many table food snacks your dog eats, and make sure it doesn’t impact his waistline. Don’t treat your dog like a living garbage disposal, either. If you don’t want to eat that leftover crust of pizza, your dog probably shouldn’t eat it, either.

Keep in mind, too, that if you feed your dog bits from your plate during your regular meals, he will come to associate your time at the dinner table as snack time for him. You might want to consider where and when you share human food snacks to discourage your dog from developing bad habits such as begging and avoiding his own dish in favor of yours.

What to Serve

Human Food for Dogs — A lot of people foods are safe and healthful for dogs, including poultry, blueberries, carrots and apples.
Photo credit: WebSubstance/iStock

Many human foods, such as many fresh fruits and vegetables and most lean proteins, are safe and even healthy for dogs. That said, it’s always a good idea to ask your veterinarian if feeding table scraps is safe before you start sharing your meals.

If your vet gives you the go ahead, the next time your dog convinces you to give him a sample from your plate, offer him one of these (but be sure to follow the recommended serving size so you don’t impact his weight or his health):

Lean cooked meats, such a turkey, fish, chicken and beef. Avoid giving your dog pieces with rich or heavy sauces
Small amounts of peanut butter
Plain cooked pasta (again, without sauce and in small amounts)
Finely chopped raw vegetables, with the notable exceptions of avocado and onion
Fresh fruit, with the exception of grapes or raisins

If you have any doubts at all about whether a food is safe for your dog, don’t give it to him. After all, you would much rather have his sweet, plaintive face staring up at you than give him something that harms him.

Stacy N. Hackett is an award-winning writer with more than 25 years’ experience in the pet industry. She is the former editor of Pet Product News and a former staff editor with Cat Fancy, Cats USA, Critters USA and Ferrets USA. To learn more about her work, visit stacynhackett.vpweb.com.

May 3 2016

Feline Backyard Safety

melissa Lifestyle, Pets backyard safety, cat enclosures, cat safety, catios

Creating a designated enclosure lets your cats enjoy the outdoors while keeping them (and birds) safe.

Purrfect Fence enclosures are designed to keep cats in and other creatures, including predators, out.

There’s no question that cats who have an indoors-only lifestyle are much safer and live longer because they are sequestered from predators and traffic. However, they can have the best of both words if you are able to create a safe outdoor space for them.

There are options for backyard safety, including special fencing on your property’s borders that is designed to keep your cats inside and prevent other cats, dogs and predators from gaining access. Purrfect Fence enclosure systems (purrfectfence.com) come in freestanding and existing fence-style setups.

There are also companies that make small freestanding, netted enclosures such as those manufactured by Kittywalk (www.kittywalk.com). However, you have to be careful where you set up such systems. A balcony or an atrium would be a good location as the enclosures are not as solid as a permanent structure.

Ideally, the best location to create an outdoor “catio” space for your cat would be to give direct access from inside your home through an exterior door or window into the enclosure. It must have secure surrounds such as fencing or wooden poles securing vinyl coated mesh wire. If you opt for wooden fencing, you should add in a few wire-protected windows so your cat can see out. Whatever you choose, it must be strong enough to keep the family dog out as well as any wild animals that live in your neighborhood.

If you build a catio adjacent to your home, you can control your cat’s movements by installing a programmable cat door that is open only during daylight hours. The latest pet doors from Sureflap www.sureflap.com operate on a pet’s microchip. This way you if you have several cats, you can control if all or only certain felines have access.

Roofing options must take into account the amount of sun and shade during the day. Vinyl coated mesh wire is a good choice against birds and smaller animals and can be made very attractive by growing vines over it. Go for green or black as they both blend well into their surrounds. Wooden slats will work positioned correctly with small gaps between them.

Patio Enclosure — …or as large as this cat-pleasing, expansive patio enclosure.
Photo courtesy of Catio Showcase.

The flooring is also important. Cement can be hot. Consider real grass or fake lawn. You can also lay wooden slats and create a deck. Also consider a combination of surfaces. Cats will appreciate a sand box, too, for doing their business, along with an outdoor fountain to offer fresh running water.

The interior of your catio is going to need some careful planning. Consider planting a tree if the area is big enough to offer shade and a place to hide under the branches. It’s also a good idea to build shelves along a wall so that cats can sit at different levels. This will be much appreciated, especially if the catio is shared by several felines. If you can lay your hands on some tree stumps, they make great scratching posts.

Wooden planters with edible grasses or non-toxic flowers will not only look attractive but will give cats something to nibble on as well. You will find lists of safe non-toxic plants suitable for your climate at www.ASPCA.org.

Cat Enclosure — If you don’t have the room for a catio, a simple enclosure, like this one from KittyWalk, will keep your cat safe and happy outdoors.

Depending on your structure, consider growing creepers on the one or two of the sides to offer both shade at certain time of the day and also to improve the natural look of the catio so that it blends into your garden. Colorful wheels or paper strips that swirl in the wind will make a nice play feature. You could hang them from the roof over the shelves or a seating area.

The size of your cat’s outdoor space will depend on the space you have available. From a feline perspective, something that is approximately four-foot square would be absolutely purrfect. Of course, if you have the room and can go bigger, include a chair for yourself so that you get to hang out with your cats, too.

About the Author: Sandy Robins is the 2013 winner of the “Excellence in Journalism and Outstanding Contribution to the Pet Industry Award.” Her work appears on many of the country’s leading pet platforms, such as MSNBC.com, MSN.com and TODAYShow.com. She is a regular contributor and columnist in multiple national and international publications, including Catster, as well as the author of the award-winning books “Fabulous Felines: Health and Beauty Secrets for the Pampered Cat” and “For The Love of Cats.” Learn more about Sandy on her website or Facebook page. #welovecats

May 3 2016

Buyers Guide: Cat Walking Products

melissa Cats, Pets, Products, Resources, Training cat harness, cat leash, walking your cat

The items you’ll need when taking your cat out for a stroll.

Cat Vest — The author’s adventuresome cat Cassie is modeling the SturdiPet Walking Vest in the Alley Cat pattern. Photo credit: Stacy Mantle

When someone first brings a cat home, the first thought is not usually, “I can’t wait to take my cat for a walk.” However, maybe it should be.

Cats benefit from new experiences and one of the most fun ways to socialize your cat is to take her out on a walk. The key to success is retaining control of your wily feline. Fortunately, many manufacturers are coming up with creative ways to help you safely take your cat out for walks.

Choose the Correct Equipment

Walking Vests: These vests are specially designed to help a cat feel secure and keep her from slipping out of it. The best-fitting models I’ve found are the Walking Vest from Sturdi Products, which uses snaps to attach the vest or the Kitty Holster from Crazy K Farm, which uses fabric fasteners.

If your cat is sensitive to the sound fabric fasteners make, you’ll want to use the vest from Sturdi. If your cat doesn’t mind the noise, the Crazy K Farm vest is a good option. Whichever you choose, you’ll need to make sure your cat’s vest fits snugly but not tightly. Your cat should be very comfortable in it.

Cat Harness and Leash — The Come with Me Kitty harness and leash by PetSafe.

Harnesses: When shopping for a cat harness, your first priority is making sure your cat can’t slip out it. The Come With Me Kitty Harness from PetSafe is one of my favorite harnesses because it features a bungee-style leash and tightens automatically if your cat attempts to make a run for it. These harnesses are designed with your cat’s comfort in mind and make a great option for cats who are sensitive to jackets or clothing.

Collars: While it’s possible to walk your cat using only a collar, I don’t recommend it. First off, most collars are breakaway collars and will release at even slight pressure. Second, you risk damage to the throat and neck area if something scares your cat or if you jerk on the leash. Stay with walking vests and harnesses—you and your kitty will be much happier.

Start Slow

If your cat’s idea of walking in a harness is to not move, remember to start slowly by first letting her become accustomed to wearing it. Photo of the Kitty Holster is courtesy of Crazy K Farm.

The first step to introducing your cat to a harness or leash is to start slow and choose your equipment wisely. Begin indoors by letting your at grow accustomed to wearing a harness and leash.

We’ve all seen the funny videos of cats refusing to walk on leash, but it doesn’t have to be that way. (If you haven’t seen any, here’s a fun one.)

If your cat chooses to lie down rather than be led around, you will need to let her adjust to it. Start by letting her get used to one piece of equipment at a time. Have your cat wear the harness or vest around the house for a few days (but be sure it’s only during times when you’re home). Be patient. It might take a few weeks before your cat begins to feel comfortable in her harness.

Preparing Your Cat Indoors

Cat Leash — If your cat is a climber, make sure his leash isn’t so long that you won’t be able to get him down from wherever he’s gone up. Photo credit: Vasilisa_k/iStock

Once your cat is feeling comfortable in her harness, it’s time to try the leash. Again, you’ll want to try this indoors first. Fasten the leash to the harness and gently tug. Never drag your cat across a floor. Not only do you risk serious injury, you could increase her fear. Instead, use treats and wands to entice your cat to walk.

I prefer the treat and toy approach, Teaser wands make the perfect distraction for cats on leash because they enable you to control the toy while also holding the leash. Holding the teaser toy in one hand and the leash in the other, you can encourage your cat to move forward with only a twitch of a toy. I like the wands from NekoFlies; there are very few cats who can resist the lifelike movements of these toys.

Treats also work wonders if your cat is food motivated. Pieces of chicken (such as Halo’s Liv A Little) or tuna (such as the new Churu treats or Grilled Filets from Inaba Ciao should entice even the most hesitant cat. Reward your cat after even the most hesitant step and then continue to do so until she is moving across the room. Before long, your cat will be ready for the outdoors.

Taking Your Cat Outdoors Safely

Cat Harness — Once your cat adapts to harness walking, he will be able to safely explore the great outdoors with you. Photo credit: Ifness/iStock

Before you take your cat outdoors, be sure she is wearing a collar with ID and is microchipped. If you have one, a GPS tracker is not a bad idea (I like the cat-sized one from PodTrackers). You should also make sure your cat is up-to-date on all vaccinations and is on a good heartworm medication before taking her outside.

Begin your outdoor exploration in a safe environment for the first few weeks. I prefer a fenced backyard where a cat is free from threats in the form of stray dogs, wildlife, loud noises, vehicles and people.

Cats have different personalities. Some cats like to be up high and others prefer the ground. Some cats prefer to flee any threat while others will fight it head on. Both can be walked outdoors in the proper environment if you’re prepared for reactions. For example, for cats who like to be up high, you’ll want a slightly longer leash (but not so long that you can’t easily retrieve your cat if she decides to go for a climb in a tree).

Safety is a priority. You should never walk your cat in an unsafe environment. Start slow and allow your cat to acclimate to the new sounds and smells. The result is that you will have a happier, well-adjusted cat who has the confidence to face any obstacle.

About the Author: Stacy Mantle is a full-time freelance writer, bestselling author and founder of PetsWeekly.com. She resides in the deserts of the Southwest with a few dogs, several cats and a very understanding husband.

May 3 2016

Required Pet Products

melissa Pets, Products, Resources cat toys, dog supplements, pet bowls, pet fountains, pet products

DogSport is a water bottle cap for pets, designed to provide a convenient, ready, no mess-source of water whenever you and your pet are out in the world. Just twist your water bottle cap off and twist DogSport on; it’s so easy. Each package contains two universal caps. If they don’t fit your water bottle, simply twist of the bottom piece to access the second adapter. Made with the highest quality, nontoxic materials, each cap also features a hole to attach a, ring, keychain or carabiner. dogsportusa.com

OurPets® Kitty Potty™ is an innovative waste removal system that caters to your cat’s natural elimination instincts and serves as a training tool to “potty train” kittens. Cats deposit waste in a strategically placed hole that is surrounding by litter, which allows a cat to instinctively cover, but never touch her waste—and you do not have to either. When the waste tray is full, simply remove the tray, slide the bag over the waste and toss for an easy, no-touch cleanup. The “litter box” has a universal zeolite carbon filter that effectively absorbs odors, keeping the litter area fresh and clean, and its ability to work with non-clumping litter makes it an economical solution. ourpets.com

Pet Remedy is formulated with valerian, vertiver, basil and sage to produce a natural, calming effect in dogs and cats. Clinically proven to relieve stress and anxiety, according to the company, the calming solution can be dispensed via a spray or a diffuser. The spray can be applied on pets, their bedding or even yourself. The diffuser covers up to 650 sq. ft. and plugs in to any outlet. Both methods can be used simultaneously to ensure your pets remain calm (but never sedated). The spray is available in 15ml and 200ml bottles, the refillable diffuser lasts up to 8 weeks. petremedyusa.com

Vet’s Best new line of soft chews health supplements for dogs includes Advanced Hip & Joint Soft Chews, which are formulated with glucosamine, chondroitin, MSM and boswellia to offer advanced support for healthy joint function and mobility in older dogs; and Comfort Calm Soft Chews, formulated to help reduce the effects of normal environmental stress, supports balanced behavior, and promotes relaxation. They contain a soothing blend of tryptophan, thiamine, valerian root and chamomile, plus ginger root to help manage motion sickness and stomach discomfort. The once-day-supplements are suitable for dogs all sizes; each resealable package contains a 30-day supply for dogs up to 75 lb. vetsbest.com

SureFlap’s® Surefeed sealed pet bowl reduces waste by keeping pet food fresh longer. The bowl features a motion-activated lid that opens when a cat approaches and closes when she is through eating, creating an airtight seal that keeps bugs out and freshness in. The lid’s quiet operation will not distract cats and it automatically detects obstructions when closing. It comes with a standard gray bowl; blue, pink and green bowls may be purchased separately. The bowl and lid remove easily for cleaning and the unit runs on four C cell batteries, which typically last for six months. sureflap.com.

The PetSafe® Drinkwell® Sedona Pet Fountain – Lake Breeze has a 100-oz. water capacity, making it ideal for multiple pets. The stylish clear bowl design helps minimize spills and splashes, while providing a large drinking area to accommodate pets with large or flat faces. The whisper-quiet falling water helps prevent bacteria growth and the fountain’s ceramic tower and impact-resistant bowl are easy to clean and top-shelf dishwasher safe. It comes with a replaceable, activated-carbon filter and is intended for indoor use only. petsafe.net

Hurtta’s Sun & Bug Blocker suit covers a dog’s legs, body and neck with a thin but strong breathable material that is permeated with Clariant Sanitized® finishing, which is formulated with permethrin to protect dogs from harmful UV rays, mosquito, horseflies and tick bites. The SPF 40-rated suit is made of a lightweight and flexible material that makes it easy to put on and allows the dog unrestricted freedom of movement. . Dermatology tested safe for dogs, the suit will retain its repellent qualities for up to 100 washes. It is available in a wide variety of sizes to fit most dogs (not intended for use on cats). hurtta247.com.

The Jackson Galaxy™ Toy Marinater offers an easy way to create your own catnip-infused cat toys. Simply add catnip to the device’s silicone base, place your cat’s favorite toy inside the mesh bag and insert it into the cylinder, replace the cap and squeeze for instant catnip toys. It works on all toy materials: plush, canvas, rubber, plastic, polyester and more. The Marinater can be used to add a quick burst of catnip scent or store toys inside it for a longer-lasting scent. It is available in assorted bright colors. petmate.com

April 6 2016

Treat Your Dog!

melissa Fun, Lifestyle, Pets baked dog treats, dog treats, homemade dog treats

Reward your canine companion with treats you make at home.

Does your dog have a food allergy? Are you concerned about additives in commercial dog treats? Or do you like to bake for the people (and pets) you love? If you answered yes to any of these questions, consider making dog treats for your furry friend. Making your own dog treats offers myriad benefits, including:

You can make as many or as few as you need, controlling the quantity you have on hand. Going on vacation with your dog? Bake the treats ahead of time, and take them with you on the trip.
You know exactly which ingredients are included in the recipe. If you know your dog is sensitive to certain foods, you can customize your recipe to avoid those items. You can also use the ingredients you know your dog loves best.
You can experiment with different flavors without buying multiple bags of treats at the store.
You can ensure your dog does not consume additives used in some pet treats.

Some of the simplest treats you can make at home use foods you might already have on hand. Common ingredients include peanut butter, pumpkin puree, yogurt, applesauce (no-sugar-added varieties) and oats.

Ready to get started? Try the simple recipe below, and then look for more online. Simply search for “homemade dog treats.”

Peanut Butter and Oatmeal Dog Biscuits (Adapted from www.cupcakeproject.com and “You Bake ‘Em Dog Biscuits Cookbook”)

Ingredients:

2 cups whole wheat flour (substitute another type of flour if your dog is sensitive to wheat)
1/2 cup peanut butter (smooth)
1 cup rolled oats
1 cup milk
1 large egg

Directions:

Preheat oven to 350 degrees F.
Blend the peanut butter and milk together.
When completely blended, add in the egg, and blend again.
Mix the flour and oats together in a large bowl.
Slowly add in the milk and peanut butter.
Knead the dough well.
Roll out the dough to about ¼ inch in thickness. Use a bit of flour to help roll out the dough.
Cut the dough into shapes with cookie cutters. You can also roll the dough into balls about 1 inch in diameter, then press the balls into circles with a fork.
Bake on a lightly greased cookie sheet for 30 minutes.

Let the treats cool completely before serving them to your dog. Store leftovers in an air-tight container left unrefrigerated for one week, or keep them in the refrigerator (in the air-tight container) for 3 weeks. You can also freeze the treats for up to 6 months.

Stacy N. Hackett is an award-winning writer with more than 25 years’ experience in the pet industry. She is the former editor of Pet Product News and a former staff editor with Cat Fancy, Cats USA, Critters USA and Ferrets USA. To learn more about her work, visit stacynhackett.vpweb.com.

April 6 2016

Keeping Your Pets Flea and Tick Free

melissa Health, Pets flea and tick prevention, flea infestation, flea lifecycle

There are a variety of steps you can take to prevent infestations.

Fleas have bothered cats and dogs for millennia. Left unhindered, they can seriously affect pets' health. Photo credit: foaloce/iStock — Fleas have bothered cats and dogs for millennia. Left unhindered, they can seriously affect pets’ health. Photo credit: foaloce/iStock

Fleas and ticks have long been the scourge of dogs and cats. These persistent pests evolved to prey on furry mammals and have done so for eons. What makes us think we can stop them now?

Although we can’t prevent a flea or tick from ever landing on our dog or cat, we can do a lot to reduce the amount of harm these pests can do. By using good environmental management and taking advantage of scientific discoveries in the area of parasite control, you can keep your pets relatively free of fleas and ticks.

What They Do

Fleas and ticks are parasites that feed on the blood of their hosts. When a flea or tick bites a dog or cat, it injects a little bit of its saliva into the wound. Dogs and cats that are sensitive to the protein in the pests’ saliva can develop a nagging allergy that causes itching and even hair loss.

Fleas and ticks can also transmit diseases into their hosts bloodstream, and are known for spreading a number of dangerous viral and bacterial illnesses.

The flea’s lifecycle starts with an adult that feeds on a pet, obtaining nutrients that enable it to reproduce. The flea lays its eggs on the host, and the eggs drop to the ground. When the eggs hatch, the larvae feed on organic matter and eventually pupate. An adult flea emerges from the pupa and jumps onto a host mammal to continue the cycle.

Ticks attach to their host to feed, and then drop off to lay eggs. Ticks can’t jump, so young ticks climb up onto vegetation to wait for a host to walk past so they can latch on and begin the cycle again.

Thwarting Them

Using the safe and practical methods recommended by your veterinarian, you can help keep your dogs and cats free of annoying pests. Photo credit: vvvita/iStock

The first step to keeping these pests off your pet is to use a flea and tick deterrent. Sprays, collars and special baths can help, but the most effective methods of control are in the form of once-a-month spot-on treatments applied to the skin or oral products in the form of a chewable tablet. These products prevent fleas and ticks from reproducing, and some kill the flea or tick when it bites. Your veterinarian can provide you with advice on the most effective products to use. (Even indoor cats can pick up fleas through window screens and cracks under doors, so be sure to discuss protecting your cat with your veterinarian.)

Managing your pet’s environment can also help keep these pests at bay. Get rid of tall weeds growing on your property since ticks love to dwell in dense vegetation. Before going hiking with your dog, apply a tick repellent spray to discourage ticks from latching on.

Inside your home, wash your pet’s bedding frequently in hot water and vacuum your carpets often, tossing the vacuum bag outside in the trash right away. This will help keep flea eggs from hatching indoors and infesting your pet.

If you are diligent about giving your pet a monthly pest control treatment and making your pet’s environment hostile to these parasites, you’ll go a long way to keeping your pet free of fleas and ticks.

About the Author: Audrey Pavia is an award-winning freelance writer and author of “The Labrador Retriever Handbook.” She is a former staff editor of Dog Fancy, Dog World and The AKC Gazette magazines. To learn more about her work, visit www.audreypavia.com and hollywoodhoofbeats.net/

April 6 2016

Single-Protein Dog Foods

melissa Health, Pets dog food, dog food allergies, limited-ingredient, single protein

Limiting and/or changing your canine’s protein sources can help with food allergies.

Currently, there are several trends vying for popularity on the dog food shelf at your local pet store, from grain- and gluten-free, to ancestral diets that infuse freeze-dried raw meat into kibble to a growing range of single-protein offerings.

However, single protein food choices—also known as limited ingredient diets (LIDS)—are more than simply a fad; they are a conscientious attempt by pet food manufacturers to help pet owners deal with food-related allergies that can plague some dogs.

In fact, food allergies in dogs rank as the third most common type of allergic reaction pets suffer from after fleas and reactions to inhalants such as pollen, dust and molds.

Just like with people, some dogs are born with allergies, while others can develop an allergic reaction at any time in their lives. According to veterinarian Melissa Brookshire, who consults for Merrick Pet Care, a food allergy is “an inappropriate immune reaction to a protein component in the pet food.”

In pets as in people, the immune system produces substances known as antibodies. These antibodies protect from unwanted foreign bodies that may potentially cause certain illnesses or infections. In terms of food, an allergic reaction occurs when the immune system makes antibodies that identify a protein as harmful, even though it isn’t.

Fish for Dogs — Fish is one popular “exotic” protein source. You can buy dog foods made solely from salmon or whitefish. Either of which are, of course, less messy to feed than a whole fish. Photo credit: Zuzule/iStock

“It does not necessarily mean that it’s the animal protein in the food—the meat, chicken or—because everything has protein except for fats, oils, vitamins and minerals,” Brookshire explained. “For example, peas in a pet food are not in the recipe as a protein source, but they do contain protein. So a pet could have a reaction to the peas or the rice or apples in the pet food recipe.

“However, the animal protein component is the first place to look because animal proteins are key ingredients in pet food recipes and thus contain the biggest percentage of proteins,” she added.

It’s easy to identify the main protein sources in a particular can or bag of pet food because they are always listed in the first four ingredients on the label. Therefore, having a single source of animal protein in a recipe makes it very easy for to avoid a protein that might be causing an allergic reaction in your pet.

It’s interesting to note that one of the main protein culprits causing allergic reactions in dogs is chicken. So along with the growing popularity in other proteins such as lamb and turkey, pet food manufacturers are offering more exotic proteins such as duck, bison, fish, venison, rabbit and kangaroo.

The type of protein a pet is most exposed to it most likely to the culprit if an allergy occurs, according to pet nutritionist Keith Hansen. And because food allergies can occur at any time in a dog’s life, it makes sense to change the actual protein on a random basis as this would help reduce the allergen effect of a specific protein, making it less likely for an allergy to occur.

Eliminating a food allergy takes patience because it’s a process of elimination. But nutritionists state that once you have read the label on your pet’s current’ food, start by selecting a limited ingredient diet that contains a protein that is not included in the current food.

When shopping in the pet food aisle, Merrick Pet Care has a selection of both dry and canned single-protein options that are also grain- and gluten-free. Wellness, Natural Balance, Nature’s Variety and Acana also have single-protein or limited-ingredient options featuring exotic proteins.

About the Author: Sandy Robins is the 2013 winner of the “Excellence in Journalism and Outstanding Contribution to the Pet Industry Award.” Her work appears on many of the country’s leading pet platforms, such as MSNBC.com, MSN.com and TODAYShow.com. She is a regular contributor and columnist in multiple national and international publications, including Cat Fancy, as well as the author of the award-winning books “Fabulous Felines: Health and Beauty Secrets for the Pampered Cat” and “For The Love of Cats.” Learn more about Sandy on her website or Facebook page. #welovecats

April 5 2016

Active Cats are Happy Healthy Cats

melissa Health, Pets cat activity, cat behavior, cat exercise, cat playtime

Regular exercise is as essential for felines as it is for people.

There’s a quote from “The Little Prince” that has always stayed with me.

“People have forgotten this truth,” the Fox said. “But you mustn’t forget it. You become responsible forever for what you’ve tamed.” —Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, The Little Prince

Bored cats can become destructive, which is just one reason why ensuring they stay active is so important. Photo credit: Barbara Vallance/iStock

While the Fox was speaking to The Little Prince about friendship, I like to apply that quote to the care of animals. It’s especially important to remember in regards to caring for cats.

Cats have chosen to self-domesticate throughout history, but we all have our part to play in caring for these animals. Once we domesticate an animal, we must provide for it and that includes all of the things they no longer has access to—like hunting.

In a natural environment, cats get plenty of exercise. From hunting prey to playing with littermates, they are always on the move. However, when kept as pets, their owners are responsible for ensuring they remain active. If you become lax in offering them plenty of time to play, they can become overweight or even resentful and are more likely to take out their frustration on you and/or your household.

Exercise is an important part of any animal’s life. However, it’s critically important for cats; they are naturally designed to be active. To neglect this part of their world is to invite bad behavior and physical problems into your life.

Therefore, if you’re having problems with your cat spraying, biting, clawing furniture, or anything else, you should first eliminate any physical issues. However, once you’ve done that, exercise may be the answer to your dilemma.

When to Exercise

Your cat might require more challenging activities, such as figuring out how to get at the treats in puzzle toy. Photo credit: cynoclub/iStock

Cats are crepuscular (most active at dusk and dawn) by nature, which often makes dusk and dawn the best time to play. This is usually when they are most alert and ready to accept new stimuli.

However, a cat’s schedule depends on the cat. Every cat is different, which is just one reason why we love him or her so much.

Observe your cat’s schedule. If she begins causing problems every afternoon at 2 p.m., then that’s when you want to engage her with play. If she sit sin the window and strikes out at every bird or cat she sees outdoors each evening at 8 p.m., then that’s the time to get the toys out.

If your cat doesn’t seem to want to play, then it’s time to introduce some new toys….

Choosing a Toy

Toy mice, felt or Mylar balls and small stuffed toys can appeal to a cat’s instinct to pounce on and kill her prey. Photo credit: neotakezo/iStock

Exercising cats will depend largely on their personalities. The best play for cats stimulates all of their senses, but motivating your cat to play will usually involve one or more of the following activities.

Chase/Hunt: Wands and laser pointers can be used to encourage chasing/hunting. Wand toys, in particular, can entice your cat into movement.

Stalk: Common stalking toys include anything that rolls (such as small felt or Mylar balls), motorized toys and interactive toys that hide treats or catnip. There are myriad toys that focus on “stalking” skills. If you’re having problems getting your cats engaged, you might want to consider building an outdoor cat enclosure.

Pounce: Pouncing toys are focused on “the kill,” meaning things your cat can pounce on such as toy mice, catnip toys and interactive toys that entice cats to attack or any other type of “kill it” toys.

Climb: Climbing is crucial for cats because it helps them naturally shed claws (cats regularly shed the sheaths of their claws to keep them extra pointy forever). It’s also a great workout. Most cats love to be up high where they can lord over us all. Even if your cat doesn’t like to climb, you should be sure to provide a scratching posts around your home if you want to save your furniture.

Sometimes, all a cat needs is a box to keep herself entertained. Photo credit: kmsh/iStock

Exploring: Exploration is a big part of your cat’s life. It’s important to provide many places she can explore. If you’re in a small place, a plain old box r two will do nicely.

If you think your cat might enjoy the great outdoors (and what cat doesn’t?), then be sure you put her on a harness and leash and consider having her wear a GPS tracker in case she gets loose.

No matter what type of activities your cat prefers, be sure you choose at least one to do regularly. Cats need help becoming active and ignoring this necessity jeopardizes your cats mental and physical well-being.

About the Author: Stacy Mantle is a fulltime freelance writer, bestselling author and founder of PetsWeekly.com. She resides in the deserts of the Southwest with a few dogs, several cats and a very understanding husband.

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When to Exercise

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